NAICS 322110 - Pulp Mills
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What is NAICS 322110
NAICS code 322110 covers establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp by separating cellulose fibers from wood or alternative raw materials such as recycled rags, linters, scrap paper, and straw. These businesses focus exclusively on pulp production and do not produce paper or paperboard products. The pulp manufactured under this code serves as a fundamental raw material for the paper manufacturing industry and other industrial applications. Companies operating in this sector employ advanced chemical and mechanical processes to extract high-quality cellulose fibers essential for various end-uses. Government agencies contract pulp mills to secure a steady, quality supply of pulp for military, educational, and administrative purposes, supporting paper production for documentation, packaging, and communication needs. Additionally, pulp production supports environmental sustainability initiatives through the use of recycled materials, which aligns with government procurement goals focusing on green products and processes.
Industry Classification for NAICS 322110
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paper or paperboard. The pulp is made by separating the cellulose fibers from the other impurities in wood or other materials, such as used or recycled rags, linters, scrap paper, and straw.
Breakdown for NAICS 322110
- Manufactures pulp by separating cellulose fibers from wood or recycled materials without producing paper or paperboard.
- Includes chemical and mechanical pulp production processes.
- Focuses on supplying pulp to paper manufacturers and industrial users.
- Subject to industry size standards typically based on annual revenue.
- Supports government needs for paper raw materials in documentation and packaging.
- Involves environmental sustainability practices such as recycled content usage.
Included Activities for NAICS 322110
- Processing wood chips and other raw materials to extract cellulose fibers.
- Producing chemical pulp using kraft or sulfite processes.
- Manufacturing mechanical pulp via grinding and refining wood.
- Utilizing recycled materials like scrap paper and rags in pulp production.
- Quality control testing of pulp fiber content and strength.
- Packaging and shipping bulk pulp to paper mills and government customers.
- Implementing environmental controls for waste and emissions.
- Maintaining compliance with government procurement and sustainability standards.
Business Types for NAICS 322110
- Industrial pulp manufacturing companies
- Specialty chemical pulp producers
- Recycled fiber pulp processors
- Wood processing and pulp extraction facilities
- Environmental and sustainability-focused pulp mills
- Contract pulp suppliers for government agencies
Subcategories for NAICS 322110
- Deinking plants
- Deinking recovered paper
- Groundwood pulp manufacturing
- Pulp manufacturing (i.e., chemical, mechanical, or semichemical processes) without making paper
- Pulp manufacturing (made from bagasse, linters, rags, straw, wastepaper, or wood) without making paper
- Pulp mills not making paper or paperboard
- Wood pulp manufacturing
Government Buyers for NAICS 322110
Government agencies such as the Department of Defense, General Services Administration, and various state and local government entities typically purchase pulp or pulp-based products to support their extensive paper and packaging supply chains. These agencies require reliable sources of pulp to ensure consistent production of paper goods needed for record-keeping, instructional materials, packaging for equipment, and other operational uses. The military, in particular, demands high-quality pulp products for secure communication and logistical packaging, making pulp mills critical suppliers. Moreover, government environmental programs may also contract pulp mills producing recycled or sustainably sourced pulp to meet regulatory and sustainability compliance requirements.
Contract Types & Procurement for NAICS 322110
Contracts in the pulp mill sector often include firm-fixed-price and indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity (IDIQ) contracts to secure long-term, stable pulp supplies. Procurement methods range from competitive sealed bidding to negotiated contracts, depending on the volume and specification requirements. Contract values vary widely, from smaller orders for recycled pulp to large, multi-million dollar agreements supporting extensive paper manufacturing projects. Government contracts may also incorporate sustainability clauses that incentivize the use of recycled materials or environmentally friendly production techniques. Due to the bulk nature of pulp products, contracts often include logistics and delivery provisions to ensure timely and efficient supply chain management.
Details for NAICS 322110
Explore the hierarchy and related codes for this industry
| NAICS Code | Industry Title |
|---|---|
| 32211 | Pulp Mills |
| 3221 | Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills |
| 322 | Paper Manufacturing |
| NAICS Code | Industry Title |
|---|---|
| 322120 | Paper Mills |
| 322130 | Paperboard Mills |
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