NAICS 31122 - Starch and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing
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What is NAICS 31122
NAICS code 31122 covers the Starch and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing industry, which includes establishments engaged in processing agricultural commodities to produce starches, vegetable oils, and related products. This sector primarily involves wet milling of corn and vegetables, crushing oilseeds and tree nuts, refining and blending vegetable oils, manufacturing shortenings and margarines, and blending animal fats with vegetable fats. Businesses in this sector play a critical role in supplying essential food ingredients and industrial raw materials. Government agencies contract with these manufacturers to ensure a steady supply of quality starches and fats used in food programs, research, and other federal initiatives. The sector supports food security, nutrition programs, and industrial applications requiring these specialized products.
Industry Classification for NAICS 31122
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) wet milling corn and vegetables; (2) crushing oilseeds and tree nuts; (3) refining and/or blending vegetable oils; (4) manufacturing shortening and margarine; and (5) blending purchased animal fats with vegetable fats.
Breakdown for NAICS 31122
- Includes wet milling of corn and vegetables to produce starch products.
- Encompasses crushing of oilseeds and tree nuts to extract vegetable oils.
- Covers refining and blending of vegetable oils into food-grade products.
- Involves manufacturing shortenings and margarines for food industry use.
- Includes blending purchased animal fats with vegetable fats for various applications.
- Subject to federal size standards, generally medium to large manufacturing operations.
Included Activities for NAICS 31122
- Wet milling of corn and vegetable crops to produce starch and related products.
- Crushing and processing oilseeds such as soybeans, sunflower seeds, and tree nuts.
- Refining crude vegetable oils into consumable edible oils.
- Blending vegetable oils with animal fats for food manufacturing purposes.
- Manufacturing shortenings and margarines used in commercial food production.
- Packaging bulk starches and oils for distribution to government and commercial buyers.
- Quality control testing to meet food safety and regulatory standards.
- Logistics and supply chain management for timely delivery to government facilities.
Business Types for NAICS 31122
- Food ingredient manufacturers specializing in starch products.
- Vegetable oil refining and processing companies.
- Shortening and margarine production facilities.
- Agricultural processing firms focused on oilseed crushing.
- Blending and formulation companies combining fats and oils.
- Contract manufacturers serving foodservice and institutional clients.
Government Buyers for NAICS 31122
Federal agencies such as the Department of Agriculture, Department of Defense, and the Food and Drug Administration commonly procure starches and vegetable fats and oils for various purposes, including large-scale food service operations, nutritional assistance programs, research, and military rations. These agencies require reliable sources of food-grade and industrial-grade starches and oils to meet nutritional standards, support food manufacturing for government programs, and fulfill operational needs. Additionally, agencies involved in disaster relief and emergency preparedness may contract these products to maintain adequate food supplies during crises.
Contract Types & Procurement for NAICS 31122
Contracts under NAICS 31122 typically include firm-fixed-price agreements for bulk supply of starches, vegetable oils, shortenings, and margarines. Procurement methods often involve competitive bidding, including sealed bids and requests for proposals (RFPs) through government procurement portals. Indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity (IDIQ) contracts are also common to provide flexibility in supply volume over contract periods. Typical contract values can range from tens of thousands to several million dollars depending on the volume and complexity, with larger contracts awarded for long-term food service supply and industrial use. Small business set-asides and socio-economic programs may apply.
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