NAICS 31151 - Dairy Product (except Frozen) Manufacturing
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What is NAICS 31151
NAICS code 31151 covers the Dairy Product (except Frozen) Manufacturing industry, which includes establishments primarily engaged in producing dairy products from raw or processed milk. This sector also encompasses the manufacturing of dairy substitutes derived from soybeans and other nondairy ingredients. Key products include fluid milk, cheese, butter, yogurt, condensed and evaporated milk, as well as dry and concentrated dairy and dairy substitute products. Businesses in this sector range from small artisanal producers to large-scale industrial manufacturers. Government agencies contract with these manufacturers to ensure a reliable and safe supply of dairy and dairy substitute products for programs such as military rations, school meal programs, and food assistance initiatives. The sector is vital for maintaining food security and nutritional standards in public institutions.
Industry Classification for NAICS 31151
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing dairy products (except frozen) from raw milk and/or processed milk products; (2) manufacturing dairy substitutes (except frozen) from soybeans and other nondairy substances; and (3) manufacturing dry, condensed, concentrated, and evaporated dairy and dairy substitute products.
Breakdown for NAICS 31151
- Includes manufacturing of dairy products excluding frozen varieties.
- Covers dairy substitutes made from soybeans and other nondairy materials.
- Encompasses dry, condensed, concentrated, and evaporated dairy products.
- Applies to businesses ranging from small producers to large industrial manufacturers.
- Relevant for government contracts supporting food assistance and institutional feeding programs.
Included Activities for NAICS 31151
- Processing raw milk into fluid milk products.
- Manufacturing cheese, butter, and yogurt.
- Producing dairy substitutes from soy and nondairy ingredients.
- Creating evaporated, condensed, and concentrated milk products.
- Packaging and distributing dairy products for institutional buyers.
- Ensuring compliance with FDA and USDA food safety standards.
- Quality testing and nutritional fortification of dairy goods.
- Managing supply chain logistics for government contracts.
Business Types for NAICS 31151
- Dairy product manufacturers
- Dairy substitute producers
- Food processing companies
- Specialty cheese and butter producers
- Contract packagers for dairy products
- Agricultural cooperatives involved in dairy processing
Government Buyers for NAICS 31151
Federal agencies such as the Department of Defense, Department of Agriculture, and the General Services Administration frequently procure dairy products under NAICS 31151. These agencies require consistent quality and timely delivery of dairy goods to support military personnel, school nutrition programs, and public food assistance. State and local governments also participate in purchasing dairy products for public institutions like hospitals, correctional facilities, and schools. The need for specialized dairy products, including fortified or lactose-free options, often drives government demand. Additionally, government contracts may include sustainable sourcing and compliance with food safety standards, making these buyers critical stakeholders in the dairy manufacturing supply chain.
Contract Types & Procurement for NAICS 31151
Contracts in this sector typically include firm-fixed-price agreements for bulk procurement of dairy products, indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity (IDIQ) contracts for ongoing supply, and competitive bids through government procurement portals. Government agencies often leverage long-term supply contracts to secure steady product availability and stable pricing. Contract values vary widely based on volume and product complexity but can range from tens of thousands to several million dollars annually. Procurement methods emphasize compliance with food safety regulations, quality assurance, and timely delivery. Smaller contracts may be awarded to regional producers, while large federal contracts often go to established national manufacturers with extensive production capacities.
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